Which is a common side effect of corticosteroids?

Corticosteroids, which are often used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response, can lead to an increase in blood sugar levels as a common side effect. This occurs because corticosteroids can stimulate gluconeogenesis, the process by which the liver produces glucose, and they can also decrease insulin sensitivity. As a result, patients who are on corticosteroids may be at risk for hyperglycemia, particularly if they have pre-existing diabetes or glucose intolerance. This effect is important for respiratory therapists and healthcare professionals to monitor, especially in patients who may already have issues with blood sugar control.

Other options, while they may represent effects associated with different medications or conditions, are not typical side effects of corticosteroids. Weight loss and decreased appetite are uncommon and usually don't occur with corticosteroid usage, which often leads to weight gain and increased appetite instead, due to metabolic effects and potential changes in mood.