In terms of oxygen delivery systems, what does "Nasal Cannula" provide?

A nasal cannula provides low-flow oxygen delivery, which is primarily used for patients who require supplemental oxygen but do not need a high concentration of oxygen. This system consists of a flexible tube that splits into two prongs, which are inserted into the nostrils, allowing for ambient air to mix with the delivered oxygen.

The flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges from 1 to 6 liters per minute, which can provide a concentration of oxygen between approximately 24% to 44%, depending on the flow rate and the patient's breathing patterns. This makes it suitable for patients with mild to moderate hypoxemia, allowing for increased oxygenation without the need for more invasive or constrictive apparatus.

In contrast, high-flow oxygen delivery systems, such as high-flow nasal cannulas, can deliver a more precise concentration of oxygen at higher flow rates and are often used in more critical care scenarios. Venturi masks specifically mix fixed proportions of air and oxygen for a known concentration, differing fundamentally from the variable delivery via a nasal cannula. Masks generally provide a higher concentration of oxygen compared to the nasal cannula, which further distinguishes their use.